![]() Analysis of the Romany language has shown that it is related to languages spoken in northern India and Pakistan, such as Hindi and Punjabi. Most Roma refer to themselves by one generic name, Rom (meaning "man" or "husband"). In Iran they are referred to as کولی ( Kowli), in India as Lambani, Lambadi, or Rabari. In Europe the Roma are variously known as Tsigane ( French: Tsigane Albanian: Cigan, Maxhup, Gabel Bulgarian: Цигани ( Tsigani) Czech: Cikáni Dutch and German: Zigeuner Danish: Sigøjner Norwegian: Sigøyner Lithuanian: Čigonai Russian: Цыгане ( Tsyganye) Hungarian: Cigány Greek: Τσιγγάνοι ( Tsingánoi) Italian: Zingari Romanian: ţigani Croatian and Serbian: Cigani Polish: Cyganie Portuguese: Cigano Spanish: Gitano and in Turkish as Çingene). There is no connection between the names of the Roma or their language and the names of Romania, the Romanian language, or the city of Rome ( Roma in Latin, Italian, and Romanian). ![]() The term Gypsy has long been associated with persecution and has acquired pejorative connotations. ![]() The term was never used by the Roma to describe themselves. ![]() The Roma are popularly known in English as Gypsies or Gipsies, a word which is derived from Egypt, from a former belief among outsiders that they were natives of Egypt. ![]()
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